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STRAW AND STOVER
This time, Ahli Artikel will give the article titled straw and stover. Check to the explanation below. . . . .
Straw And Stover
Straw comprises the dried stalks or stems and other parts various crops from which the seed has been threshed in the ripe or nearly ripe stage. Some of the small -grain straw produced is gathered or saved, usually with a pick-up baler. Considerable additional quantities are recovered by livestock that graze the stubble fields. When normal small grain is cut with a binder at a height of approximately 6 inches the straw yields usually range from 1 1/2 to 2 1/4 times the grain yields in pounds. Most of the harvested straw is used for bedding livestock or for packing.
Stover is the corn or sorghum plant that remains after the ear or head has been removed. Typical mature corn is 50 to 65 per cent stover, while grain sorghum of different heights is 45 to 75 per cent stover.
Straws and stovers are the least nutritious of all substance commonly used as feed for livestock. Animals maintained on straw alone are scarcely more than kept alive unless considerable waste grain has been left in the straw. However, straw is an important supplement in livestock maintenance. Oat and barley straw are usually considered more valuable for feed than either wheat or rye straw. Corn stover is more digestible than the small grain straws, but the waste is large unless it is shredded.
Straw is bulky, and that of small grain is of low manure value. It supplies organic matter when returned to the land. One ton of wheat straw contains on the average about 10 pounds of nitrogen, 2.6 pounds of phosphoric acid, and 14.8 pounds of potash. The straw of oats and barley contain slightly more nitrogen and phosphoric acid and about twice as much potash as does wheat straw.
In 1924 it was estimated that approximately 15 per cent of the straw of small grains was burned, chiefly in areas of the United States where the livestock population was small, or where it could not be added to the land advantageously. In the Great Basin, farmers often have burned their straw and stubble before plowing because of the difficulty in disposing of a large volume of straw. At the Nephi Substation in Utah, where the annual rainfall is about 13.33 inches, the wheat yield was not reduced by burning the straw and stubble, nor increased by plowing the straw under. Burning of straw is not recommended because repeated burning increases a tendency to soil erosion or blowing. Most of the straw is now scattered over the land by straw spreaders attached to combines. It is then plowed under or left on the surface by duckfoot or other sweep-tillage implements. An application of nitrogen fertilizer precludes the depression in yields that often follows in the first crop after a heavy straw residue.
The burning of residues from the harvest of seed of perennial ryegrass and other grasses is practiced widely in Oregon as a means of controlling blind seed, ergot, nematodes, and rust as well as other leaf diseases. Burning after the harvest also aids in the control of the sod webworm, silvertop, meadow plant bugs, thrips, mites, and other insects.
The straws of cowpeas, soybeans, and other leguminous crops are superior to cereal straws in feed and fertilizer value. They are comparatively high in nitrogen and calcium, but similar to wheat straw in other elements. One ton of soybean straw contains 18 pounds of nitrogen, 2.4 pounds of phosphoric acid, and 17.8 pounds of potash.
Well , that's some explanation about straw and stover, Hopefully can be useful. . .
HAPPY LEARNING. . .
SOURCE:
Book Principles of Field Crop Production | John H. Martin - Warren H. Leonard | COLLIER Macmillan (1967)
This time, Ahli Artikel will give the article titled straw and stover. Check to the explanation below. . . . .
Straw And Stover
Straw comprises the dried stalks or stems and other parts various crops from which the seed has been threshed in the ripe or nearly ripe stage. Some of the small -grain straw produced is gathered or saved, usually with a pick-up baler. Considerable additional quantities are recovered by livestock that graze the stubble fields. When normal small grain is cut with a binder at a height of approximately 6 inches the straw yields usually range from 1 1/2 to 2 1/4 times the grain yields in pounds. Most of the harvested straw is used for bedding livestock or for packing.
Stover is the corn or sorghum plant that remains after the ear or head has been removed. Typical mature corn is 50 to 65 per cent stover, while grain sorghum of different heights is 45 to 75 per cent stover.
Straws and stovers are the least nutritious of all substance commonly used as feed for livestock. Animals maintained on straw alone are scarcely more than kept alive unless considerable waste grain has been left in the straw. However, straw is an important supplement in livestock maintenance. Oat and barley straw are usually considered more valuable for feed than either wheat or rye straw. Corn stover is more digestible than the small grain straws, but the waste is large unless it is shredded.
Straw is bulky, and that of small grain is of low manure value. It supplies organic matter when returned to the land. One ton of wheat straw contains on the average about 10 pounds of nitrogen, 2.6 pounds of phosphoric acid, and 14.8 pounds of potash. The straw of oats and barley contain slightly more nitrogen and phosphoric acid and about twice as much potash as does wheat straw.
In 1924 it was estimated that approximately 15 per cent of the straw of small grains was burned, chiefly in areas of the United States where the livestock population was small, or where it could not be added to the land advantageously. In the Great Basin, farmers often have burned their straw and stubble before plowing because of the difficulty in disposing of a large volume of straw. At the Nephi Substation in Utah, where the annual rainfall is about 13.33 inches, the wheat yield was not reduced by burning the straw and stubble, nor increased by plowing the straw under. Burning of straw is not recommended because repeated burning increases a tendency to soil erosion or blowing. Most of the straw is now scattered over the land by straw spreaders attached to combines. It is then plowed under or left on the surface by duckfoot or other sweep-tillage implements. An application of nitrogen fertilizer precludes the depression in yields that often follows in the first crop after a heavy straw residue.
The burning of residues from the harvest of seed of perennial ryegrass and other grasses is practiced widely in Oregon as a means of controlling blind seed, ergot, nematodes, and rust as well as other leaf diseases. Burning after the harvest also aids in the control of the sod webworm, silvertop, meadow plant bugs, thrips, mites, and other insects.
The straws of cowpeas, soybeans, and other leguminous crops are superior to cereal straws in feed and fertilizer value. They are comparatively high in nitrogen and calcium, but similar to wheat straw in other elements. One ton of soybean straw contains 18 pounds of nitrogen, 2.4 pounds of phosphoric acid, and 17.8 pounds of potash.
Well , that's some explanation about straw and stover, Hopefully can be useful. . .
HAPPY LEARNING. . .
SOURCE:
Book Principles of Field Crop Production | John H. Martin - Warren H. Leonard | COLLIER Macmillan (1967)
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| Picture Of Straw And Stover |
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